Assertion (A): | Cultural eutrophication leads to decreased biodiversity in an aquatic ecosystem. |
Reason (R): | The primary limiting factor for eutrophication is phosphate. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Predatory fish such as swordfish and sharks or birds like osprey and eagles have higher concentrations of mercury in their tissue than what could be accounted for by direct exposure alone. |
Reason (R): | Mercury [or methyl mercury] undergoes biomagnifications in aquatic food chains. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Ecological sanitation is a practical, hygienic, efficient, and cost-effective solution to human waste disposal. |
Reason (R): | Ecological sanitation systems are systems that allow for the safe recycling of nutrients to crop production in such a way that the use of non-renewable resources is minimized. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Recycling is the best solution for the treatment of electronic waste, provided it is carried out in an environment-friendly manner. |
Reason (R): | It can be easily done with manual participation without exposure to toxins. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Burying radioactive waste in a suitably shielded container deep in the rocks is a method not agreeable to many people. |
Reason (R): | According to them, the best solution will be disposal of nuclear waste in space. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Greenhouse effect is harmful to life on earth. |
Reason (R): | It leads to increased risk in human beings for the development of certain cancers. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Wetlands are the largest natural source of atmospheric methane in the world, and therefore remain a major area of concern with respect to climate change. |
Reason (R): | Wetlands are characterized by water-logged soils and distinctive communities of organisms that have evolved and adapted to the constant presence of water. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion: In the past 30-40 years global average land temperatures have increased about twice as fast as global average ocean temperatures.
Reason: Oceans have a large heat capacity and lose more heat by evaporation.
1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false
Assertion: Temperatures have increased about twice as fast in the Arctic as in the mid-latitudes, a phenomenon known as “Arctic amplification.”
Reason: The loss of sea ice is one of the most important reasons for this.
1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Episodic shifts in winds and water currents across the equatorial Pacific can cause floods in the South American desert while stalling and drying up the monsoon in Indonesia and India. |
Reason (R): | During an El Niño event, the surface waters in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean become significantly colder than usual. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |