Q. No.Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively?
1.
Inflammation of bronchioles; decreased respiratory surface
2.
Increased number of bronchioles; increased respiratory surface
3.
Increased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles
4.
Decreased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles
| 1. | Inflammation of bronchioles; decreased respiratory surface |
| 2. | Increased number of bronchioles; increased respiratory surface |
| 3. | Increased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles |
| 4. | Decreased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles |
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Tidal volume | (i) | 2500-3000 mL |
| (b) | Inspiratory Reserve | (ii) | 1100-1200 mL volume |
| (c) | Expiratory Reserve | (iii) | 500-550 mL volume |
| (d) | Residual volume | (iv) | 1000-1100 mL |
| Options: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
| 1. | (iii) | (ii) | (i) | (iv) |
| 2. | (iii) | (i) | (iv) | (ii) |
| 3. | (i) | (iv) | (ii) | (iii) |
| 4. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
2. Silicosis
3. Botulism
4. Emphysema
Asthma may be attributed to?
1. allergic reaction of the mast cells in the lungs
2. inflammation of the trachea
3. accumulation of fluid in the lungs
4. bacterial infection of the lungs
Which one of the following is the correct statement for respiration in humans?
| 1. | Cigarette smoking may lead to inflammation of the bronchi |
| 2. | Neural signals from the pneumotaxic centre in the pons region of the brain can increase the duration of inspiration |
| 3. | Workers in grinding and stone-breaking industries may suffer from lung fibrosis |
| 4. | About 90% of carbon dioxide (CO2) is carried by haemoglobin as carbaminohaemoglobin |
The figure given below shows a small part of the human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function?
| 1. | A – Alveolar cavity – main site of exchange of respiratory gases |
| 2. | D – Capillary wall – exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place here |
| 3. | B – Red blood cell – transport of CO2 mainly. |
| 4. | C – Arterial capillary – passes oxygen to tissues |
Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to:
1. hot and humid environment
2. eating fruits preserved in tin containers
3. inhalation of seasonal pollen
4. low-temperature
The 'blue baby' syndrome results from:
1. excess of chloride
2. methaemoglobin
3. excess of dissolved oxygen
4. excess of TDS (Total Dissolved Solids)
The majority of carbon dioxide produced by our body cells is transported to the lungs:
1. dissolved in the blood
2. as bicarbonates
3. as carbonates
4. attached to haemoglobin
Select the correct statement:
| 1. | Expiration occurs due to external intercostal muscles. |
| 2. | Intrapulmonary pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure during inspiration. |
| 3. | Inspiration occurs when atmospheric pressure is less than intrapulmonary pressure. |
| 4. | Expiration is initiated due to the contraction of the diaphragm. |
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