Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in the ecosystem?
1. Sulphur cycle
2. Phosphorus cycle
3. Nitrogen cycle
4. Carbon cycle
Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem?
1. Energy flow
2. Decomposition
3. Productivity
4. Stratification
Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?
| 1. | It occurs on a deforested site | 
| 2. | It follows primary succession | 
| 3. | It is similar to primary succession except that it has a relatively slow pace | 
| 4. | All of the above | 
| 1. | It shows the energy content of different trophic-level organisms | 
| 2. | It is inverted in shape | 
| 3. | It is upright in shape | 
| 4. | Its base is broad | 
| 1. | Detritus | 2. | Humus | 
| 3. | Standing state | 4. | Standing crop | 
The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called:
1. net primary productivity
2. secondary productivity
3. standing crop
4. gross primary productivity
Which one of the following is one of the characteristics of a biological community?
| 1. | Stratification | 2. | Natality | 
| 3. | Mortality | 4. | Sex-ratio | 
| 1. | grasslands | 2. | agro-ecosystems | 
| 3. | oceans | 4. | forests | 
Which one of the following is not used for the construction of ecological pyramids?
| 1. | Dry weight | 2. | Number of individuals | 
| 3. | Rate of energy | 4. | Fresh weight |