The chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis of oxidative phosphorylation proposes that Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is formed because:

1.	high energy bonds are formed in mitochondrial proteins
2.	ADP is pumped out of the matrix into the inter-membrane space
3.	a proton gradient forms across the inner membrane
4.	there is a change in the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane toward Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

In the leaves of C₄ plants, malic acid formation during CO₂ fixation occurs in the cells of:
1. mesophyll
2. bundle sheath
3. phloem
4. epidermis

Cyclic -photophosphorylation results in the formation of:
1. NADPH
2. ATP and NADPH
3. ATP, NADPH, and O₂
4. ATP

A process that makes an important difference between C₃ and C₄ plants is:

1. Transpiration

2. Glycolysis

3. Photosynthesis

4. Photorespiration

In photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions take place at?

1. Thylakoid lumen

2. photosystem I

3. photosystem II

4. Stromal matrix

Water-soluble pigments found in plant cell vacuoles are:

Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) is the primary CO₂ acceptor in:
1. C₄ plants
2. C₂ plants
3. C₃ and C₄ plants
4. C₃ plants