Which organisms are affected by the ecological succession?
a. Plants
b. animals
c. Birds
d. All of the above

At any time during succession, natural or human induced disturbances (fire, deforestation, etc.), could-
a. Convert a particular seral stage of succession to an earlier stage.
b. Create new conditions that encourage some species and discourage or eliminate other species.
c. Have no effect on the continuous process of succession.
d. More than one options are correct.

In Hydrarch succession of plants successional series progress from –
a. Xeric to mesic conditions
b. Hydric to the mesic conditions
c. Hydric to xeric conditions
d. Xeric to hydric conditions.

In Xerarch succession of plants successional series progress from –
a. Xeric to mesic conditions
b. Hydric to the mesic conditions
c. Hydric to xeric conditions
d. Xeric to hydric conditions.

Which term represents the medium water condition?
a. Xeric
b. Hydric
c. Mesic
d. Metic

The species that invade a bare area are called as-
a. Seral species
b. Pioneer species
c. Climax species
d. Keystone species

How do Lichens play a vital role in succession?
a. They grow in pollution free area
b. They secrete acids to dissolve rock, helping in weathering and soil formation.
c. They are symbiotic association between fungi and algae.
d. More than one options are correct.

What would be the order of plants in a xerarch succession?
a. Lichens, bryophytes, small annual plants, perennial herbs, grasses
b. Lichens, bryophytes, grasses, pernial herbs
c. Grasses, Lichens, bryophytes, herbs
d. Small annual plants, perennial herbs, grasses Lichens, bryophytes

In Hydrarch succession, the order of plant groups is-
a. Rooted-submerged plants, Phytoplanktons, rooted-floating angiosperms, reedswamp, scrub marsh-meadow,
b. Phytoplanktons, rooted-submerged plants, rooted-floating angiosperms, reedswamp, marsh-meadow, scrub
c. Phytoplanktons, rooted-submerged plants, rooted-floating angiosperms, scrub, reedswamp, marsh-meadow,
d. Phytoplanktons, rooted-floating angiosperms, rooted-submerged plants, reedswamp, marsh-meadow, scrub

In hydrarch succession, after the climax community is established, water body is converted into-
a. Pond
b. Land
c. Swamp
d. None of the above