Polymerase Chain Reaction is not used in :

1. Confirming presence of a pathogen during early infection

2. Identifying the mutated genes in suspected cancer patients

3. Isolating the gene of interest from host DNA to be cloned by recombinant procedures

4. Detection of the presence of HIV in suspected AIDS patient

If gene isolate from marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at early embryonic stage, it could be a permanant cure of ADA deficiency because the early embryonic cells :

1. Are more differentiated than the later stage cells

2. Are constantly dividing and do not get differentiated 

3. Are easy to manipulate than the later stage cells

4. Are virtually immortal 

To test the safety of polio vaccine, the organisms used are transgenic :

1. Mice

2. Pigs

3. Monkey 

4. Cattle

If the goal were to create a plant resistant to an insecticide, which cell-based plant technology would be most effective ?

(1) clonal propagation

(2) cybridization

(3) protoplast fusion

(4) mutant selection

Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four-year-old girl with Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency?

(1) Gene therapy 

(2) Chemotherapy

(3) Immunotherapy

(4) Radiation therapy

The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by

(1) phosphodiester bonds

(2) covalent bonds

(3) disulphide bridges

(4) hydrogen bonds

Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidegyne incognitia?

1. Leaf

2. Stem

3. Root

4. Flower

The introduction of tDNA into plants involves

1. infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2. altering the pH of soil, heat-shocking the plants

3. exposing the plants to cold for a brief period

4. allowing the plant roots to stand in water

In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to 

(1) Alkaline pH of the insect gut

(2) acidic pH of the insect gut

(3) action of gut microorganisms

(4) presence of conversion factors in insect gut

The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non-recombinant bacteria because of 

(1) Non-recombinant bacteria containing $\beta$-galactosidase

(2) Insertional inactivation of $\alpha$-galactosidase in non-recombinant bacteria

(3) Insertional inactivation of β-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria

(4) Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria