The introduction of tDNA into plants involves

1. infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2. altering the pH of soil, heat-shocking the plants

3. exposing the plants to cold for a brief period

4. allowing the plant roots to stand in water

In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to 

(1) Alkaline pH of the insect gut

(2) acidic pH of the insect gut

(3) action of gut microorganisms

(4) presence of conversion factors in insect gut

The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non-recombinant bacteria because of 

(1) Non-recombinant bacteria containing $\beta$-galactosidase

(2) Insertional inactivation of $\alpha$-galactosidase in non-recombinant bacteria

(3) Insertional inactivation of β-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria

(4) Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria

The process of RNA interference has been used in the development of plants resistant to 

(1) fungi

(2) viruses

(3) insects

(4) nematodes

Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of 

(1) mice

(2) cow 

(3) pig

(4) fish

The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for

1. insect-resistant

2. enhancing self life

3. enhancing mineral content

4. drought-resistance

Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing

(1) transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans

(2) transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases

(3) Transgenic cow-Rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee

(4) animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power

Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are

(1) long fibre and resistance to aphids

(2) medium yields, long fibres and resistance to beetle pests

(3) high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests

(4) high yield and resistance to bollworms

An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice

(1) does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones

(2) gives high yield and is rich in vitamin-A

(3) is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy

(4) gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma

The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used in contemporary biology as a/an

(1) indicator of water pollution

(2) insecticide

(3) agent for production of dairy products

(4) source of industrial enzyme