Assertion (A): | The number of fish caught per trap is not a good measure of its total population density in the lake. |
Reason (R): | For ecological investigations, it is obligatory to count every individual in a population to estimate population density. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
I. | Nt+1 = Nt + [(B+I) – (D+E)] |
II. | B is a measure of Natality and D is a measure of Mortality |
III. | If (B+I) is less than (D+E), the population density will increase |
1. | Only I and II are correct | 2. | Only I and III are correct |
3. | Only II and III are correct | 4. | I, II and III are correct |
I | B | D | E | |
1. | Emigration | Natality | Mortality | Immigration |
2. | Emigration | Mortality | Natality | Immigration |
3. | Immigration | Natality | Mortality | Emigration |
4. | Immigration | Mortality | Natality | Emigration |
Assertion (A): | The logistic growth model is more realistic for most animal populations in nature. |
Reason (R): | Resources for growth for most animal populations are finite and become limiting sooner or later in the nature. |
1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
I: | Pacific salmon and bamboo breed many times during their lifetimes. |
II: | Birds and mammals breed many times during their lifetimes and produce a small number of large-sized offspring. |
III: | Oysters and pelagic fishes produce a large number of small-sized offspring. |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
1. | Cryptic colouration | 2. | Aposematic colouration |
3. | Batesian mimicry | 4. | Mullerian mimicry |
1. | Interspecific competition makes the realized niche of Chthamalus much larger than its fundamental niche. |
2. | Interspecific competition makes the realized niche of Chthamalus much smaller than its fundamental niche. |
3. | Interspecific competition makes the realized niche of Balanus much larger than its fundamental niche. |
4. | Interspecific competition makes the realized niche of Balanus much smaller than its fundamental niche. |
Statement I: | Parasitism has evolved in many taxonomic groups from plants to higher vertebrates. |
Statement II: | Many parasites have evolved to be host-specific and both tend to co-evolve. |
Statement III: | All parasites have only one primary and one intermediate host. |
Statement IV: | Only a few of the parasites harm their hosts. |
1. | 1 | 2. | 2 |
3. | 3 | 4. | 4 |
I: | Lice on humans and ticks on dogs |
II: | Marine fish infested with ectoparasitic copepods |
III: | Female Anopheles biting human beings |
IV: | Tapeworm in the human alimentary canal |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only III and IV |
3. | Only I and III | 4. | Only II and IV |
Statement I: | The morphological and anatomical features of endoparasites are greatly simplified but their reproductive potential is very high. |
Statement II: | Unlike ectoparasites, endoparasites live inside the host body at different sites and their life cycles are more complex. |