I: | Majority are fresh water with greater concentrations found in the colder areas. |
II: | They occur in both well-lighted regions close to the surface of water and also at great depths in oceans where relatively little light penetrates. |
1. | is a stage of the sporophytic generation. |
2. | is a creeping, green, branched and frequently filamentous stage. |
3. | develops directly from a spore. |
4. | bears sex organs. |
Assertion (A): | The spread of living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical regions. |
Reason (R): | Pteridophytes are terrestrial plants that possess vascular tissues – xylem and phloem. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and the (R) correctly explains (A) |
2. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
3. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
1. | Ovules are enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms |
2. | Selaginella is heterosporous, while Salvinia is homosporous |
3. | Pteridophytes are the first terrestrial plants to possess xylem and phloem. |
4. | Stems are usually unbranched in both Cycas and Pinus |
Assertion (A): | The first stage of gametophyte in the life cycle of moss is protonema stage. |
Reason (R): | Protonema develops directly from spores produced in capsule. |
1. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
Assertion (A): | In gymnosperms, the pollen grains are released from the microsporangium and carried by air currents. |
Reason (R): | Air currents carry the pollen grains to the mouth of the archegonia where the male gametes are discharged and pollen tube is not formed. |
1. | (A) is False, (R) is True. |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
4. | (A) is True, (R) is False. |