Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos islands became extinct within a decade after goats were introduced on the island due to:
1. Habitat fragmentation
2. Better browsing efficiency of goats
3. Predator of goat attacking tortoise
4. Virus of goats parasitizing tortoise

The ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle’ was given by:

A species whose distribution is restricted to a small geographical area because of the presence of a competitively superior species, is found to expand its distributional range dramatically when the competing species is experimentally removed. This is called:

“Competitive Exclusion Principle” may be true if:

One mechanism that promotes co-existence rather than exclusion amongst competing species is:

Which of the following is not an ectoparasite?
1. Lice on humans
2. Copepods on marine fishes
3. Mistletoe on other plants
4. Female Anopheles on humans

Cuckoos laying their eggs in the nests of crow is an example of:

An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch is an example of:

All the following relations are examples of commensalism except:

Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and: