Assertion (A): | An overwhelming majority of animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment. |
Reason (R): | These animals and plants are simply conformers. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Ice fish is able to thrive in Antarctic water where the temperature is always below zero. |
Reason (R): | They have a special haemoglobin molecule that has very high affinity for oxygen. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion(A): | A population that fits the logistic growth model increases more rapidly at intermediate size rather than at relatively small and large sizes. |
Reason (R): | The population growth rate decreases dramatically as the population size approaches the carrying capacity. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | In every species, there are trade- offs between survival and reproductive traits. |
Reason (R): | Natural selection favors traits that improve an organism’s chances of survival and reproductive success. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Assertion(A): | India’s population is set to overtake China’s population by 2025. |
Reason(R): | The birth rate in china is decreasing while it is increasing in India. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Age-structure pyramids for the population of a country not only predict a population’s growth trends but can also illuminate social conditions. |
Reason (R): | These pyramids show the distribution of various age groups in a population, typically that of a country or region of the world. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Ecologically similar species can coexist in a community if one or more significant differences in their niches arise through time. |
Reason (R): | Two species cannot coexist permanently in a community if their niches are identical. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion: Differences among similar species whose distributions overlap geographically are accentuated in regions where the species co-occur.
Reason: The differences are minimized or lost where the species’ distributions do not overlap.
1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false
Assertion (A): | The adaptations of both predators and prey tend to be refined through natural selection. |
Reason (R): | Predation provides energy to prolong life and promote the reproduction of the organism that does the killing, the predator, to the detriment of the organism being consumed, the prey. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Apex predators help in maintaining species diversity in a community. |
Reason (R): | Apex predators are often keystone species. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |