Match the items in column I and column II and choose the correct option:
Column I | Column II | ||
A. | UV | i. | Biomagnifications |
B. | Biodegradable organic matter | ii. | Eutrophication |
C. | DDT | iii. | Snow blindness |
D. | Phosphates | iv. | BOD |
Options: | A | B | C | D |
1. | ii | i | iv | iii |
2. | iii | ii | iv | i |
3. | iii | iv | i | ii |
4. | iii | i | iv | ii |
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In the textbook you came across “Three Mile Island and Chernobyl disasters associated with accidental leakage of radioactive wastes.” In India, we had Bhopal gas tragedy. It is associated with which of the following?
1. | CO2 | 2. | Methyl Isocyanate |
3. | CFC | 4. | Methyl Cyanate |
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Assertion (A): | Photochemical smog is a primary air pollutant. |
Reason (R): | It is formed in traffic-congested cities where the conditions are cold and the intensity of solar radiation is less. |
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | According to CPCB, particulate size 2.5 micrometer or less in diameter [PM 2.5] are responsible for causing the greatest harm to human health. |
Reason (R): | These fine particles can be inhaled deep into the lungs and can damage lungs. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Motor vehicles equipped with catalytic converters should use unleaded petrol. |
Reason (R): | Lead poisoning affects brain and is responsible for many cases of intellectual disabilities. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Compressed natural gas poses less of a threat in the event of a spill. |
Reason (R): | It is heavier than air and sediments to the surface quickly. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | The presence of Tubifex in a water sample is a good indicator of high quality [non-polluted] of the water sample. |
Reason (R): | Tubifex is a nematode that cannot survive in water with low dissolved oxygen content. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Cultural eutrophication leads to decreased biodiversity in an aquatic ecosystem. |
Reason (R): | The primary limiting factor for eutrophication is phosphate. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Predatory fish such as swordfish and sharks or birds like osprey and eagles have higher concentrations of mercury in their tissue than what could be accounted for by direct exposure alone. |
Reason (R): | Mercury [or methyl mercury] undergoes biomagnifications in aquatic food chains. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): | Ecological sanitation is a practical, hygienic, efficient, and cost-effective solution to human waste disposal. |
Reason (R): | Ecological sanitation systems are systems that allow for the safe recycling of nutrients to crop production in such a way that the use of non-renewable resources is minimized. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |