| 1. | \(Z\) protons and \(A-Z\) neutrons |
| 2. | \(Z\) protons and \(A\) neutrons |
| 3. | \(A\) protons and \(Z-A\) neutrons |
| 4. | \(Z\) neutrons and \(A-Z\) protons |
The mass number of a nucleus is:
| 1. | always less than its atomic number. |
| 2. | always more than its atomic number. |
| 3. | sometimes equal to its atomic number. |
| 4. | sometimes less than and sometimes more than its atomic number. |
| 1. | \({}_{34}^{74}\mathrm{Se}, {}_{31}^{71}\mathrm{Ca}\) | 2. | \({}_{42}^{92}\mathrm{Mo}, {}_{40}^{92}\mathrm{Zr}\) |
| 3. | \({}_{38}^{81}\mathrm{Sr}, {}_{38}^{86}\mathrm{Sr}\) | 4. | \({}_{20}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}, {}_{16}^{32}\mathrm{S}\) |
| 1. | \(13:1\) and \(14:1\) | 2. | \(14:1\) and \(1:1\) |
| 3. | \(1:1\) and \(14:1\) | 4. | \(1:1\) and \(13:1\) |
| \((\mathrm{A})\) | The volume of a nucleus is proportional to \(A^{1/3}.\) |
| \((\mathrm{B})\) | The volume of a nucleus is proportional to \(A.\) |
| \((\mathrm{C})\) | The difference in mass of an atom and its nucleus is called the mass defect. |
| \((\mathrm{D})\) | The difference in mass of a nucleus and its constituents is called the mass defect. |