Nicotine, caffeine, quinine and opium produced by plants are actually:

1.	Primary metabolites needed in reproduction
2.	Secondary metabolites needed for growth
3.	Alkaloids that are present in seeds
4.	Defenses against grazers and browsers

Consider the given statements regarding competition amongst organisms:

The correct statement/s is/are:

In some shallow American lakes, unrelated visiting Flamingoes and resident fishes compete for the common food which is:

A process in which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species, is termed as :

Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos islands became extinct within a decade after goats were introduced on the island due to:
1. Habitat fragmentation
2. Better browsing efficiency of goats
3. Predator of goat attacking tortoise
4. Virus of goats parasitizing tortoise

The ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle’ was given by:

A species whose distribution is restricted to a small geographical area because of the presence of a competitively superior species, is found to expand its distributional range dramatically when the competing species is experimentally removed. This is called:

“Competitive Exclusion Principle” may be true if:

One mechanism that promotes co-existence rather than exclusion amongst competing species is:

Which of the following is not an ectoparasite?
1. Lice on humans
2. Copepods on marine fishes
3. Mistletoe on other plants
4. Female Anopheles on humans