(a) | Agarose is a natural polymer obtained from sea-weed. |
(b) | The separation of DNA molecules in agarose-gel electrophoresis depends on the size of DNA. |
(c) | The DNA migrates from negatively-charged electrode to the positively-charged electrode. |
(d) | The DNA migrates from positively-charged electrode to the negatively-charged electrode. |
1. | (a) and (b) only | 2. | (a), (b) and (c) only |
3. | (a), (b) and (d) only | 4. | (b), (c) and (d) only |
1. | Cosmids | 2. | Plasmids |
3. | Nucleus | 4. | Nucleoid |
a. | They float freely in the cytoplasm of certain bacterial cells. |
b. | They have the ability to replicate, independent of the genomic DNA. |
c. | Herbert Boyer developed a method of removing and reinserting them in the cells. |
d. | They are circular ssDNA molecules. |
Column-I | Column-II | ||
1. | Reverse transcriptase | (i) | Forms phosphodiester bonds |
2. | Taq polymerase | (ii) | cDNA library |
3. | Alkaline phosphatase | (iii) | Breaks phosphodiester bonds |
4. | Restriction endonuclease | (iv) | Used in ELISA |
1. | The cutting of DNA by restriction endonucleases results in fragments of DNA and these fragments can be separated by this technique. |
2. | The most commonly used matrix is agarose which is a natural polymer extracted from seaweeds. |
3. | The DNA fragments resolve according to their size. Hence, the larger the fragment size, the farther it moves. |
4. | The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide. |