a. | They float freely in the cytoplasm of certain bacterial cells. |
b. | They have the ability to replicate, independent of the genomic DNA. |
c. | Herbert Boyer developed a method of removing and reinserting them in the cells. |
d. | They are circular ssDNA molecules. |
Column-I | Column-II | ||
1. | Reverse transcriptase | (i) | Forms phosphodiester bonds |
2. | Taq polymerase | (ii) | cDNA library |
3. | Alkaline phosphatase | (iii) | Breaks phosphodiester bonds |
4. | Restriction endonuclease | (iv) | Used in ELISA |
1. | The cutting of DNA by restriction endonucleases results in fragments of DNA and these fragments can be separated by this technique. |
2. | The most commonly used matrix is agarose which is a natural polymer extracted from seaweeds. |
3. | The DNA fragments resolve according to their size. Hence, the larger the fragment size, the farther it moves. |
4. | The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide. |